Groundwater quality assessment using water quality index (WQI) under GIS framework

Abstract Groundwater is an important source for drinking water supply in hard rock terrain of Bundelkhand massif particularly District Mahoba, Uttar Pradesh, India. An attempt has been made this work to understand the suitability groundwater human consumption. The parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, alkalinity , hardness, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, copper, manganese, silver, zinc, iron and nickel were analysed estimate quality. quality index (WQI) applied categorize viz: excellent, good, poor, etc. which quite useful infer people policy makers concerned area. WQI study area ranges from 4.75 115.93. overall indicates that safe potable except few localized pockets Charkhari Jaitpur Blocks. Hill-Piper Trilinear diagram reveals falls under Na + -Cl − mixed Ca 2+ -Mg - $${\text{HCO}}_{3}^{ }$$ HCO 3 - types. granite-gneiss contains orthoclase feldspar biotite minerals after weathering yields bicarbonate chloride rich groundwater. correlation matrix created observe their significant impetus on assessment current suggests deteriorated needs treatment before consumption also be protected perils geogenic/anthropogenic contamination.